Security games

Mega-events like the Olympics leave behind much more than fond memories

by Peigi McGillivray

When the world comes to town for a "mega event"—like the 2010 Olympics in Vancouver or the upcoming Olympics in London—the pressure for increased security is intense. Everyone wants to make sure that nothing goes wrong.

So, budgets for surveillance and security increase. The latest security gadgets are purchased. Closed circuit TV cameras are installed. Checkpoints and barriers are established. Backgrounds are checked. Email, web traffic, and phone calls are scrutinized. Laws restricting public behaviour are enacted, and police presence grows.
We all breathe a sigh of relief when a large event like this comes to a close without incident. But what about all those technologies and laws? Do things go back to the way they were?

"Unfortunately not," says Dr. Colin Bennett, a University of Victoria political scientist and an expert in privacy and surveillance. "Once security is increased, people get used to the new level. It becomes the 'new normal.'"

In addition to the technological and physical reminders of these events, says Bennett, databases of personal information have become an enduring legacy, hidden from public scrutiny but shared with other venues and events.

For more than 20 years, Bennett has focused his research on the politics of privacy, and on the profound and varied impacts the "information society" has had on our lives. His 2011 book Security Games: Surveillance and Control at Mega-Events, co-edited with Kevin Haggerty, presents one of the first comprehensive assessments of the major security and surveillance implications of large sporting events around the world.

"An enormous amount of money is invested in security for these events," says Bennett, "but it's very difficult to discover what it has been spent on, and whether it has been used wisely or effectively. We know that nothing bad happened, but not why. And because we don't know what worked and what didn't, each new venue bases its security on the last event—and then ratchets it up another notch."

Bennett notes that the security and surveillance legacies from the Vancouver Olympics are still with us. "Closed-circuit TV cameras set up for the Olympics remain," says Bennett. "They were used during the Stanley Cup riots, although how useful they were in police investigations is unclear. I have no doubt that these cameras—and more—will be used for security during future big events too."

Bennett's research informs his teaching of undergraduate and graduate students. He teaches undergraduate courses on US and comparative politics, and a specialized course on the "politics of information."

His graduate students investigate a broad range of security- and privacy-related issues, including identity cards, surveillance of personal data on the Internet, BC's enhanced drivers license, ID scanning in bars, Aboriginal health databases, online advertising and surveillance, and human resources databases.

Bennett's goal is to stir people to think more critically about security and privacy issues and the effects of "creeping surveillance" on society.

"We all need to be aware of our rights, know when and how they might be at risk, and speak up when we need to," says Bennett, "The growing obsession with security is potentially damaging to our personal freedoms and human rights, and to the structure and nature of our cities. It's something everyone should be concerned about."

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